The unsung female heroes of Africa’s liberation you should know

Field Marshal Muthoni Kirima. Photo: Taifa Leo

Muthoni wa Kirima, Kenya

Muthoni wa Kirima was the only female Mau Mau Field Marshal. She earned the title after spending seven years in the forest during Kenya’s fight for independence and the only one to come out alive after the end of the struggle.

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She started her liberation fight as a spy, just like other women. They were responsible for providing supplies and intelligence to the Mau Mau fighters.

This fight was not without personal sacrifices. Muthoni was not only wounded twice in battle, she also had a miscarriage that left her unable to have children.

Muthoni is quite vocal about her disappointment with the post-colonial Kenyan governments and has vowed never to chop off her dreadlocks until she sees the benefits of independence.

At 83, she currently holds Kenya’s medal for distinguished service and a  Head of State Commendation.