Katanga
In 1960 after Congo became independent, the Katanga region decided to secede from the newly independent state. Referring itself as the Republic of Katanga, the country was ruled by the leader of the Confédération des associations tribales du Katanga (CONAKAT) political party, Moise Tshombe.
However, Katanga only existed until 1963 after United Nations suppressed the regime and forced Tshombe into exile in Zambia (then Northern Rhodesia) and later Italy.
Katanga was then reintegrated back into Congo and is now known as Katanga Province.