Kakuma, Northwestern Kenya
With a population of about 184,550, Kakuma was established in 1992, and the first refugees to settle there were fleeing the Sudanese civil war that occurred between 1983 and 2005. Located in Turkana District of the northwestern region of Kenya, the camp was established to serve Sudanese refugees, but has since expanded to serve refugees from Somalia, Ethiopia, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Eritrea, Uganda, and Rwanda. According to the UNHCR, there was an influx of new arrivals in 2014, and Kakuma went beyond its capacity by over 58,000 individuals, leading to congestion in various sections. Following negotiations between UNHCR, the national government, the County government of Turkana and the host community, land for a new settlement was identified in Kalobeyei, 20km from Kakuma town.
