Daniel Hale Williams
Born in 1856, Dr. Daniel Hale Williams apprenticed as a shoe maker in his early childhood. He later worked as a barber before taking up interest in the work of a local physician, studying in what is today known as Northwestern University Medical School and graduating as a physician and surgeon.
Dr. Williams later founded a racially integrated hospital, and in 1893, he became the first person to successfully perform an open-heart surgery.