While the rest of Africa was under colonial rule after the infamous partition by European powers at the Berlin Conference of 1884, Ethiopia was a sovereign nation with a formidable army and a strong monarchy.
A few years after the division of the continent, the Italian Kingdom – which had obtained Eritrea and Italian Somalia as its African territories – wanted to add Ethiopia to its kingdom on March 1, 1896.
This was a failed effort after the defeat of the Italian army in the Battle of Adwa which is also described as the First Italo-Ethiopian War. The battle fought near the northern town of Adwa in Ethiopia’s Tigray Region is the first victory by an African country over a colonial power.
Ethiopian forces surprised the world by defeating heavily-armed Italian troops that attempted to conquer it in 1896. There were of course other interesting conflicts and battles that took place during the colonial era in sub-Saharan Africa apart from the Battle of Adwa.
Here are four other such battles where indigenous African armies clashed with colonial powers.
