Tripolitania
The place we know today as the capital city of Libya was once an independent republic called Tripolitania. It seceded from Libya in 1918, when Libya was an Italian colony. The region, formerly in Ottoman Empire’s control, declared its independence once the Italian troops were removed from the area after the World War I.
In 1919, Tripolitania signed a declaration of independence at the Paris Peace Conference.
However, it existed until 1923 because it did not receive the support from the international community.