Tanzania and Malawi
The two countries have been in disputes over Lake Nyasa, otherwise known as Lake Malawi for years now. Lake Nyasa, home to 1,000 species of fish, is located at the crossroads of Malawi in the west, Mozambique to the south and Tanzania to its northeast. Malawi claims to own the whole lake in its entirety. Tanzania also argues that the boundary is the median line of the lake based on principles of customary international law. The border dispute got intense in 2012 when Malawi awarded exclusive oil prospecting licenses in Lake Nyasa to two British oil companies. Malawi has linked the dispute to possible oil and gas reserves in the lake while claiming ownership based on the 1890 Heligoland agreement, according to Xinhua. In 2017, Malawi said it was taking the dispute to the International Court of Justice in the Hague because Tanzania keeps stalling mediation efforts since 2012.
